Steel making furnace where scrap is generally 100% of the charge. Heat for melting and refining of steel is supplied from electricity that arcs between the electrodes (usually graphite) or between electrode and the metal bath. When the arc is between the electrodes, the process is termed as the indirect arc process and when it is between the metal and the electrode, it is termed as the direct arc process. Furnaces may be either an alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). DC units consume less energy and fewer electrodes, but they are more expensive.
Electric Arc Furnace (EAF)
